The Japanese telecom regulator (soumusho) has announced a set of much stricter rules for the
issuance and support of Japan 0ABJ numbers (e.g. Tokyo 03 or Osaka 06). These rules are in
effect since April 2019.
 

Two major changes that the new rules require are:

The Client using the numbers must be located in the relevant area (e.g. in Tokyo for 03)
The Telecom provider must run a physical circuit to the Client's premises

There is a 3 year grace period for existing Clients.